FOOTING AND FOUNDATION
1. What is Footing?
Footing is a structural member that safely transmits the load of upper structure to the ground, the basic method of footing design is to distribute the structural load so that the size per area of the load transmitted from the upper part of the structure is less than the soil strength that the ground can support, that is, the bearing capacity.
2. What is Foundation?
It is a complex term used in Geotechnical Engineering to denote the soil and footing and their interaction that provides bearing capacity as well as settlement resistance to the super structure.
3. Types of Foundations?
I. Shallow foundation – These are used for small and light buildings. They are commonly referred to as spread footings or open footings. There are four types of shallow foundation:
1. Individual footing or Isolated footing,
2. Combined footing,
3. Strap footing,
4. Raft or Mat foundation.
II. Deep foundation – These are used for large structures. There are two main types of deep foundation:
1. Pile foundation,
2. Drilled Shafts or Caissons.
2. Indian Standard Codes for FOOTING AND FOUNDATION
is.1904.1986-4-27.pdfis.6403.1981-4-24.pdfis.1080.1985.pdfis.12070.1987-4-20.pdfis.8009.1.1976-4-47.pdfis.8009.2.1980-4-27.pdfis.2911.1.1.2010.pdfis.2911.1.2.2010-4-29.pdfis.2911.1.3.2010-4-31.pdfis.2911.1.4.2010-4-30.pdfpdfcoffee.com_is-2911-3-under-reamed-piles-pdf-free.pdfpdfcoffee.com_is-2911-part-4-2013-pdf-free.pdfis.2950.1.1981.pdfis.13301.1992-4-12.pdfis.11233.1985-4-21.pdf
Isolated Footing
Combined Footing
Strap Footing
Pile foundation
Pile foundation
Caissons Foundation